Lo' s English anatomy Scapula

En français on dit l'omoplate, mais on fait des mots composés et des adjectifs sur scapula: une douleur d'épaule diffuse, en dehors de l'articulation humérus-omoplate est une périarthrite scapulo-humérale (PASH).

SCAPULA: infection inside the joint is called arthritis, even inflammation is called arthritis.

Petite note sur ce mo:  arthrose en français désigne un état dégénératif des os, des cartilages...à l'origine de douleurs ou d'inconfort mais physiologique, pas franchement pathologique: arthrite est le mot à utiliser en cas d'atteinte d'origine inflammatoire ou infectieuse.

Arthrite dentaire? Patients at times complain and no cause can be found: kind of arthritis??? 

Periarthritis is inflammation around the joint; it is quite different in that the joint is not affected by the infection which is related to a germ. 

Periarthritis is very common, a pain in the shoulder while infection is very rare. Extremely rare.

Adoptons la couleur bleue pour ce qui est écrit en français: le mouvement, les mouvements de l'épaule.

Il est indispensable de demander à une personne qui a un problème d'épaule de montrer ce qu'elle peut faire avec son épaule, son bras, son thorax.

Au repos le bras est pendant, la face palmaire de la main tournée vers l'arrière.

Si l'on tourne la main vers l'avant on se trouve dans la position anatomique: le petit doigt sur la couture du pantalon, comme on disait.

"Show me what your shoulder can do:

0  leave it down at rest, relaxed

1  lift your arm forward

2  and raise your arm as high as you can

3  now relax, let go, and raise your arm again to you side

4  and try to put your hand on your neck

5  now you let go again and try to put your hand behind your back."

This shows us what somebody can dou without the kine or dr helping, right!

Now you have to examine the shoulder yourself.

Ask the same questions: 1  "Can you lift your arm forward,

and you help the guy (man, woman, patient) do so you think it must raise his arm higher, just to know when something is wrong: they are blocked or the patient says they are in pain. -En français, on continuerait au singulier; en anglais 'le patient dit qu'ils sont douloureux' est une formulation normale-voir mon article sur singulier-pluriel; c'est tous les jours maintenant que je relève cet façon de traiter le singulier quand il a une allure de pluriel ou de généralité.

2  Can you raise it higher

3  Now let go, and let it go to you side 

4 Try to put you hand on your neck again, I will help you

5  and try to put your hand behind your back

Sometimes it is possible to help the patient complete the movement without pain. This means that there is a physical reason why the movement is impossible.

 

Loéva English anatomy: Pelvic bones

 We know it's made of 4 bones: sacrum, coccyx and os iliaques ?

It is wider in women than in men; guess why?

Hips= hanches

Grand bassin

Petit bassin

Ischion

Ilion

coccyx

When asked, Copilot says this:

Vous

Copilot

The pelvis is like the grand central station of bones. It supports your spine, holds up your organs, and connects your legs to your torso. The pelvis is made up of three primary bones: the ilium, ischium, and pubis. Here’s the breakdown:

• Ilium: This is the largest part of the pelvis and forms the upper section. It's the part  you can feel when you put your hands on your hips.

• Ischium: This is the lower, back part of the pelvis. It's what you're sitting on right now!

• Pubis: This forms the front part of the pelvis. The two sides meet at the pubic symphysis.

Now, the pelvis also includes the sacrum and coccyx at the back. The sacrum is a triangular bone that connects the spine to the pelvis, and the coccyx, or tailbone, is at the very bottom.

All these bones are part of the pelvic girdle, which is responsible for supporting the weight of the upper body when sitting and standing, and transferring weight from the axial skeleton to the lower limbs when walking or running. The pelvic girdle also provides attachments for and withstands the forces of the powerful muscles of locomotion and posture.

Hope this helps for your exam! Let me know if you need more details on any specific part.

Certainly! The pelvic bones, also known as the hip bones or os coxae, consist of three parts: the ilium, ischium, and pubis. Each of these bones has distinct surfaces and landmarks:

1. Ilium:

   • Lateral Surface: This surface is broad and concave, featuring the gluteal lines which serve as attachment points for the gluteal muscles.
   • Medial Surface: This surface includes the iliac fossa, a large, smooth, concave area that provides attachment for the iliacus muscle.

2. Ischium:

   • External Surface: This surface is rough and provides attachment for the hamstring muscles.
   • Internal Surface: This surface is smoother and forms part of the wall of the lesser pelvis.

3. Pubis:

   • Anterior (External) Surface: This surface faces forward and provides attachment for the adductor muscles of the thigh. (foot-ball players often suffer from tendinitis!)
     
   • Posterior (Internal) Surface: This surface faces backward and forms part of the pelvic cavity.
   • Medial (Symphyseal) Surface: This surface articulates with the opposite pubic bone at the pubic symphysis.

These surfaces and landmarks are crucial for muscle attachment, joint formation, and providing structural support to the body.

Bony pelvis: Ilium, ischium, pubis | Kenhub: this is the link to where Copilot got informations, which is good for a start- but if you are a medical student you need more of course; and the link takes you to a very specific place for anatomy called Kenhub.