30 Cholesterol and Triglycerides

 A   IMAGE  CHOLESTÉROL :apports exogènes (=par l'alimentation), mais surtout par synthèse hépatique.

Cholesterol is a crucial component in our bodies.
Where it does it come from ?:

 1  Liver and Intestines: Approximately 80% of the cholesterol in our bodies is produced by the liver and intestines. These organs synthesize cholesterol. Cholesterol plays a role in building cell membranes, creating vitamin D, and forming hormones like testosterone and estrogen.
2  Dietary Sources: The remaining 20% of cholesterol comes from the foods we eat. Specifically, animal-based foods contain dietary cholesterol. For instance, meat, poultry, and dairy products all contribute to our cholesterol intake. However, it’s important to note that these same foods can also be high in saturated and trans fats, which can impact overall cholesterol levels.

TRANSPORT IN THE BLOODSTREAM: Cholesterol, along with other fats like triglycerides, circulates in the bloodstream.
Since both cholesterol and triglycerides are insoluble in water, they require lipoproteins (protein molecules) to transport them. The main types of lipoproteins involved are:
Chylomicrons: These large particles transport dietary triglycerides and cholesterol from the intestine to the liver and other body tissues.
Very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL): Produced by the liver, VLDL is metabolized into low-density lipoproteins (LDL) by muscle and adipose tissues. LDL particles carry most of the cholesterol in circulation.
High-density lipoproteins (HDL): HDL plays a crucial role in transporting cholesterol back to the liver, preventing its deposition in arteries. HDL also has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
    Testing and Healthy Ranges: Doctors measure lipoprotein levels to assess a person’s overall risk of heart disease and stroke. High levels of LDL cholesterol are often referred to as “bad” cholesterol, while high HDL cholesterol is considered beneficial (“good” cholesterol).
    Maintaining healthy cholesterol levels involves factors like weight management and limiting saturated fat intake.
Remember, cholesterol doesn’t usually cause noticeable symptoms, so
regular testing is essential to monitor your levels and take preventive measures against heart disease and stroke.